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According to the National Criminal Justice Reference Service, a division of the U.S. Department of Justice, "drug courts can be defined as 'special court calendars or dockets designed to achieve a reduction in recidivism and substance abuse among nonviolent, substance abusing offenders...Drug Court participants undergo long-term treatment and counseling, sanctions, incentives, and frequent court appearances..." (source: http://www.ncjrs.gov/spotlight/drug_courts/summary.html)
The legal ramifications of addiction on a community can be seen in the number of crimes committed by people under the influence of drugs and alcohol as well as the number of violent incidents committed by people under the influence of drugs and alcohol.
Excessive alcohol use costs the U.S. $185 billion each year in health care and criminal justice expenses (source: http://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/resources/publications/aag/pdf/2011/Alcohol_AAG_Web_508.pdf)
"In 1989, the Dade County Circuit Court developed an intensive, community-based, addiction treatment, rehabilitation, and supervision program for felony drug defendants to address rapidly increasing recidivism rates. Less than twenty years later, there are more than 2,140 drug courts in operation with another 284 being planned or developed.
Drug court diverts non-violent, substance abusing offenders from prison and jail into drug treatment. By increasing direct supervision of offenders, coordinating public resources, and expediting case processing, drug court can help break the cycle of criminal behavior, alcohol and drug use, and incarceration. A decade of research indicates that drug court reduces crime by lowering rearrests and conviction rates, improving substance abuse treatment outcomes, and reuniting families, and also produces measurable cost benefits".
In another press release, the department stated:
"The success stories of drug court graduates illustrate the positive results of coordination among public health and public safety professionals. Drug courts bring the judicial, law enforcement, and treatment communities, and other social and public services together through rigorous case management to address a participant's overall needs, including education, housing, job training, and/or mental health referral."